北岛（1949年8月2日－），原名赵振开，中国当代诗人，为朦胧诗代表人物之一。先后获瑞典笔会文学奖、美国西部笔会中心自由写作奖、古根海姆奖学金等，并被选为美国艺术文学院终身荣誉院士。
北岛祖籍中国浙江湖州，1949年生于当时的北平（即北京）。毕业于北京四中。1969年当建筑工人，后作过翻译，并短期在《新观察》杂志作过编辑。1970年开始写作，1978年与芒克等人创办《今天》杂志。北岛因在六四民运中的特殊作用，不被中国政府见容，于1989年移居国外，曾一度旅居瑞典等七个国家，他在世界上多个国家进行创作，寻找机会朗读自己的诗歌。1994年曾经返回中国，在北京入境时被扣留，遣送回美国，曾任教于加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校，还曾是斯坦福大学、加利福尼亚大学伯克莱分校、香港中文大学客座教授。2001年10月回国为父奔丧，2002年宣布退出“中国人权”。
2007年，北岛收到香港中文大学的聘书。8月，北岛正式搬到香港，与其家人团聚，结束其近20年的欧美各国漂泊式生活[1]。
1990年在北岛的主持下《今天》文学杂志在挪威复刊，至今仍在世界各地发行，其网络版和论坛（www.jintian.net）也享誉世界各地汉语文学圈。
出版的诗集有：《陌生的海滩》（1978年）、《北岛诗选》（1986年）、《在天涯》（1993年）、《午夜歌手》（1995年）、《零度以上的风景线》（1996年）、《开锁》（1999年），其他作品有：《波动》及英译本（1984年）、《归来的陌生人》（1987年）、《蓝房子》（1999年），散文集《失败之书》（2004年），散文集《青灯》(2008年1月)。北岛的作品已被译成二十多种文字出版。代表作包括作于1976年天安门“四五运动”期间的《回答》，其中的“卑鄙是卑鄙者的通行证，高尚是高尚者的墓志铭”已经成为中国新诗名句。在美国，其作品由 Zephyr Press 出版。曾多次获诺贝尔文学奖提名，是当今影响最大，也最受国际承认的中国诗人。
Bei Dao (simplified Chinese: 北岛; traditional Chinese: 北島; pinyin: Běi Dǎo; literally "Northern Island", born August 2, 1949) is the pseudonym of Chinese poet Zhao Zhenkai (趙振開). He was born in Beijing, his pseudonym was chosen because he came from the north and because of his preference for solitude[1]. Bei Dao is the most notable representative of the Misty Poets, a group of Chinese poets who reacted against the restrictions of the Cultural Revolution[2].
As a teenager, Bei Dao was a member of the Red Guards, the enthusiastic followers of Mao Zedong who enforced the dictates of the Cultural Revolution, often through violent means. He had misgivings about the Revolution and was "re-educated" as a construction worker the next eleven years.
Bei Dao and Mang Ke founded the magazine Jintian ("Today"); the central publication of the Misty Poets which was published from 1978 until 1980, when it was banned. The work of the Misty Poets and Bei Dao in particular were an inspiration to pro-democracy movements in China. Most notable was his poem "Huida" ("The Answer") which was written during the 1976 Tiananmen demonstrations in which he participated. The poem was taken up as a defiant anthem of the pro-democracy movement and appeared on posters during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. During the 1989 protests and subsequent shootings, Bei Dao was at a literary conference in Berlin and was not allowed to return to China[3]. (Three other leading Misty Poets, Gu Cheng, Duo Duo, and Yang Lian, were also exiled). His then wife, Shao Fei, and their daughter were not allowed to leave China to join him for another six years.
Since 1987, Bei Dao has lived and taught in England, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Holland, France, and the United States. His work has been translated into twenty-five languages, including five poetry volumes in English [4] along with the collection of stories Waves (1990) and the essay collections Blue House (2000) and Midnight's Gate (2005). Bei Dao continued his work in exile.
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