陈光诚（1971年11月12日－），中国山东临沂人，因幼时生病导致双眼失明。陈光诚没有经过法律的专业培训，而仅依靠自学法律知识，来帮助许多村民、残疾人士维护权益，他因此被媒体称为“赤脚律师”。
陈光诚1971年出生于中国山东临沂沂南县双后镇的东师古村。1994年至1998年，就读于青岛盲校。1998年至2001年，就读于南京中医药大学。
2000年到2001年，在英国联邦基金的资助下，[来源请求]陈光诚在中国法学会发起并负责“残疾人维权项目”。2002年，他试图在北京成立残疾人的民间维权组织，未果。
2003年，陈光诚与外语教师袁伟静结婚。袁伟静说：“光诚看不见，我就是他的眼睛。”同年7月至8月间，陈光诚夫妇作为访问学者，前往美国访问，参观并了解了当地的残疾人机构。陈光诚当选临沂“2003年度十大新闻人物”。[1]
2005年1月，陈光诚执行由NED (美国全国民主基金会)支持的山东维权项目[来源请求]。12月，入选香港亚洲周刊评选出的“2005年风云人物”。[2]
2006年3月11日，陈光诚被临沂警方从家中带走后与外界失去联系。5月，入选美国时代周刊2006年“塑造世界的一百人”。[3] 在失踪三个月后，6月12日陈光诚家人才收到他被刑事拘留的通知。
8月18日，山东临沂沂南法院开庭审理，陈光诚被指控犯有故意破坏财物罪和聚众扰乱交通罪，当天法庭没有做出裁决。这次的庭审引发极大的争议：陈光诚的辩护律师张立辉以及陈光诚的妻子不被允许进入法庭；辩护律师许志永博士前一天晚上被沂南公安以偷窃为借口羁押，陈光诚庭审结束后才获释；法庭临时指派的两各辩护律师，没有为陈光诚做任何辩护；陈光诚明确拒绝法庭指派律师的情况下，法庭并不依照法律规定进行休庭。[4]
8月24日，沂南县人民法院以故意破坏财产和聚众扰乱交通罪，判处盲人维权人士陈光诚有期徒刑四年零三个月。
10月30日，临沂市中级人民法院驳回县法院的判决结果，要求发还重审。[5]
12月1日，沂南县法院宣布对陈光诚维持原判。
2007年1月12日，临沂市中级人民法院宣布维持对陈光诚的一审判决。[6]
3月14日，陈光诚获得英国人权组织查禁目录颁发的言论自由奖。[7]
7月31日，陈光诚获得由纽约“洛克菲勒兄弟基金会”的信托人创立,2007年的麦格塞塞奖——“突出表现领袖”[8]。他的妻子袁伟静原计划飞往马尼拉，代替不能前往的丈夫领奖，但在8月24日袁伟静达北京首都飞机场时，却被机场人员带走，并宣称她的护照在2006年就已经作废。她的相机、电脑等物品被抢夺未归。[9][10]
税收、两田制
根据1991年开始实施的《中华人民共和国残疾人保障法》，残疾人可减免税收，但临沂当地政府直到1996年，依然在向残疾人士征税，陈光诚与当地政府多次交涉未果，遂于1996年寒假，到北京上访。此后临沂地方政府接到上级批示后，终于表态要停止向残疾人士征税。
1997年，东师古村开始实行两田制，加重了村民的负担，陈光诚通过《半月谈》了解到上级政府不允许搞“两田制”，1998年夏，他到北京上访，最后终于中止了村里的两田制。
[编辑] 外地盲人在京免费乘坐地铁
根据《残疾人保障法》第44条的规定，残疾人可以免费乘坐地铁。2003年9月，陈光诚在北京乘坐地铁，检票员以其没有当地的盲人免费乘车证为由，要求其购买车票。陈光诚而后将北京市地铁运营公司告上法庭，并获得胜诉。通过此案，终于使外地盲人也可免费乘坐地铁。[11]
[编辑] 临沂计生案
由于临沂地方政府在计划生育工作上，存在野蛮行为，比如强行对育龄妇女进行绝育手术、对生二胎的孕妇强行堕胎、引产，甚至随意抓捕亲属、逼迫家人交纳巨额罚金，陈光诚试图通过法律渠道，来维护这些受害者的利益，并向媒体揭露了有关情况。9月6日，陈光诚在北京与时代周刊记者讨论临沂的计生状况，下午即被山东警员在不出示任何证件、公文的情况下，强行抓走。[12] 回到山东后，陈光诚基本上被软禁在家，与外界的通讯也被限制，并且受到多次殴打，一些同情支持他的村民也曾遭殴打。[13] 数名律师先后介入此案，并前往临沂进行调查取证，但受到很大阻力，甚至遭暴力袭击。而后由海外媒体曝光后，受到广泛关注。[14] 迫于舆论的压力，中国国家人口计生委官员就临沂计生事件发表了谈话[15]，并称要着手调查此事，但此案随后并未出现转折，陈光诚继续被软禁[16]、[17]，并在2006年8月24日，沂南县人民法院以故意破坏财产和聚众扰乱交通罪，判处陈光诚有期徒刑4年零3个月。
税收、两田制
根据1991年开始实施的《中华人民共和国残疾人保障法》，残疾人可减免税收，但临沂当地政府直到1996年，依然在向残疾人士征税，陈光诚与当地政府多次交涉未果，遂于1996年寒假，到北京上访。此后临沂地方政府接到上级批示后，终于表态要停止向残疾人士征税。
1997年，东师古村开始实行两田制，加重了村民的负担，陈光诚通过《半月谈》了解到上级政府不允许搞“两田制”，1998年夏，他到北京上访，最后终于中止了村里的两田制。
[编辑] 外地盲人在京免费乘坐地铁
根据《残疾人保障法》第44条的规定，残疾人可以免费乘坐地铁。2003年9月，陈光诚在北京乘坐地铁，检票员以其没有当地的盲人免费乘车证为由，要求其购买车票。陈光诚而后将北京市地铁运营公司告上法庭，并获得胜诉。通过此案，终于使外地盲人也可免费乘坐地铁。[11]
[编辑] 临沂计生案
由于临沂地方政府在计划生育工作上，存在野蛮行为，比如强行对育龄妇女进行绝育手术、对生二胎的孕妇强行堕胎、引产，甚至随意抓捕亲属、逼迫家人交纳巨额罚金，陈光诚试图通过法律渠道，来维护这些受害者的利益，并向媒体揭露了有关情况。9月6日，陈光诚在北京与时代周刊记者讨论临沂的计生状况，下午即被山东警员在不出示任何证件、公文的情况下，强行抓走。[12] 回到山东后，陈光诚基本上被软禁在家，与外界的通讯也被限制，并且受到多次殴打，一些同情支持他的村民也曾遭殴打。[13] 数名律师先后介入此案，并前往临沂进行调查取证，但受到很大阻力，甚至遭暴力袭击。而后由海外媒体曝光后，受到广泛关注。[14] 迫于舆论的压力，中国国家人口计生委官员就临沂计生事件发表了谈话[15]，并称要着手调查此事，但此案随后并未出现转折，陈光诚继续被软禁[16]、[17]，并在2006年8月24日，沂南县人民法院以故意破坏财产和聚众扰乱交通罪，判处陈光诚有期徒刑4年零3个月。
Chen Guangcheng (Chinese: 陈光诚; Pinyin: Chén Guāngchéng; born November 12, 1971) is a blind activist in the People's Republic of China at the forefront of a growing civil rights movement who drew international attention to human rights issues in rural areas. He was placed under house arrest from September 2005 to March 2006 after talking to Time magazine about the forced abortion cases he investigated in Linyi County, Shandong. Authorities formally arrested him in June 2006 for destruction of property and assembling a crowd to disrupt traffic.[1][2]
His trial was scheduled for July 17, 2006 but authorities delayed the trial because Chen supporters gathered at the court house. With only a few days notice, officials announced his trial would begin on August 18, 2006. On the eve of his trial, all three of his lawyers were detained. None of them were allowed in the courtroom. Authorities appointed their own public defender who had not read the file prior to trial and did little to protect his client. The trial lasted just two hours.[3] On 24 August, 2006, Chen was sentenced to four years and three months for "damaging property and organising a mob to disturb traffic". [4]
Having lost his sight at an early age, Chen does not have a law degree because the blind were denied college admission in China. Nonetheless, he managed to audit in law classes and learned enough to advise his fellow villagers when they sought his assistance. [5]
[edit] Activism
In 2005, Chen exposed harsh illegal measures by local authorities when enforcing the one-child policy in Linyi, Shandong province, where family planning officials from Linyi municipal authorities forced thousands of people to undergo sterilization or to abort pregnancies. Chinese national regulations prohibit such brutal measures. The officials were also accused of detaining and torturing relatives of people who had escaped from the forced measures. [1]
Chen filed a class-action lawsuit on the women's behalf against Linyi officials and drew attention to the plight of the villagers. He also traveled to Beijing in June 2005 to seek redress. Although the suit he filed was rejected, the incident was publicised on the Internet and by the Time magazine who interviewed Chen.[2] This prompted the National Population and Family Planning Commission to launch an investigation in August 2005. A month later, the Commission announced that several Linyi officials were detained.
[edit] Detention and trial
However, Linyi authorities placed Chen under house arrest in September 2005. Radio Free Asia reported that Chen was beaten up during a clash between villagers and officials. Three lawyers who were attempting to meet Chen were also beaten by unidentified men. [6]
According to a report by the Washington Post, a campaign was launched by local officials to portray Chen as working for "foreign anti-China forces" and that he received foreign funding. Chinese authorities often use this rhetoric to sway public opinion in similar cases even though it is not often true. [1]
According to an article in Time by Hannah Beech, “Chen Guangcheng, A Blind Man with Legal Vision,” Chen met with Time reporters to discuss the forced abortion cases when he thought authorities would take action. "Yet three hours after meeting with TIME in Beijing to discuss the issue, Chen was shoved into an unmarked vehicle by public-security agents from his hometown. They bundled him back to his village, where he was held under house arrest for months. Despite the commission's vow, only one official has been detained. Meanwhile, thugs routinely showed up at Chen's home to rough him up." In April, Time named Chen one of the 100 people most influential in shaping our world. [7]
Chen was removed from his house in March 2006 and was formally detained in June 2006 by Yinan county official.[2] He was scheduled to stand trial on July 17, 2006 on charges of destruction of property and assembling a crowd to disrupt traffic. [1], but this was delayed at the request of the prosecution. [8] According to Radio Free Asia and Chinese Rights Defenders (CRD), a network of Chinese citizens who are committed to safeguarding rights and their international volunteer supporters, prosecution delayed the trial because a crowd of Chen supporters gathered outside the courthouse. With only a few days notice, authorities rescheduled Chen's trial for August 18, 2006.
On the eve of his trial, all three of his lawyers were detained by Yinan police. Two were released after being questioned and their phones confiscated. Xu Zhiyong of the Yitong Law Firm, perhaps the lawyer with the most knowledge of the forced abortion cases Chen was working on, was detained after authorities accused him of stealing a man's wallet. He was not released until the trial concluded on the 18th. None of Chen's lawyers were allowed in the courtroom for the trial. Only Chen's brothers were allowed inside. Not even Chen's wife was allowed to hear proceedings. Instead, authorities appointed their own public defender for Chen just before the trial began. As a result, the defender had not even read the case report before he walked into the courtroom. The defender did little to help his new client's case and did not raise any objection to the proceedings or to any of the evidence presented, despite Chen's protest in the court. The trial lasted just two hours. [9][10] On 24 August, 2006, Chen was sentenced to four years and three months for "damaging property and organising a mob to disturb traffic". [4]
On November 30, 2006, Yinan County court in Shandong province upheld its decision to sentence blind activist Chen Guangcheng to more than four years in prison after he documented claims of forced abortions, the activist's brother said.
The decision was issued in a 30-minute session, where no witnesses or evidence were presented, said Chen Guangfu, the only family member allowed to be present during the proceedings.
On January 12, 2007, the Linyi Intermediate Court in Shandong Province rejected Chen's final appeal. The same court had overturned his original conviction in December 2006 citing lack of evidence. However, Chen was convicted in a second trial on identical charges and given an identical sentence by the Yinan court.[11]
[edit] Ramon Magsaysay Award
One of the awardees for emergent leadership, Chen Guangcheng received the 2007 Ramon Magsaysay Award (a certificate, a medallion and an undisclosed cash prize) in Manila, Philippines on Aug. 31, 2007. 256 Asians have received it since 1957. Each awardee will receive a certificate, a medallion and an undisclosed cash prize.[12]The award, often called the "Asian Nobel Award", was bestowed for "his irrepressible passion for justice in leading ordinary Chinese citizens to assert their legitimate rights under the law." His family and human rights groups in China called on the United Nations human rights bodies, the international community, the media, and other governments to study the case and lobby for Chen. Chen Guangcheng's story caught global attention. On April 30, 2006, he was in Time Magazine's list of "2006's Top 100 People Who Shape Our World" in the category of "Heroes and Pioneers."[13]
On August 24, 2007, Hu Jia (an AIDS advocate, under house arrest for months) reported that Yuan Weijing's passport and telephone were sequestered by Chinese authorities on her attempt to pass the security cordon at the Beijing airport to fly to the Philippines and attend the Magsaysay Award ceremony, to pick up the prize for husband, Chen Guangcheng.
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