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师涛（1968年7月25日－），祖籍陕西清涧，为中国新闻记者、诗人、作家，因为通过雅虎发了一封政府文件给海外网站，2005年，被政府控以窃露国家机密，被判十年有期徒刑。现正服刑中
简历
师涛出生于宁夏盐池，1986年，考入上海华东师范大学经济系政治经济学专业，后转入政治教育系政治教育专业，期间曾任夏雨诗社的社长。1991年7月毕业，分配到西安庆安宇航设备公司子校，担任政治课教师。1992年，与王媛结婚。1994年，在陕西《消费者导报》工作。1995年，在《华商报》做记者、编辑。1999年，在《各界导报》、《劳动早报》工作。2000年，在《西安商报》工作。后到湖南《当代商报》任总编助理、编辑部主任。曾先后就职于陕西《华商报》、《西安商报》、《老新闻》、《法制日报》等多家媒体担任记者、编辑。他也是诗人，出版了多本诗集，近年来也为海外媒体如《民主论坛》电子刊物撰稿，是独立中文作家笔会的成员。在湖南长沙《当代商报》任编辑部主任期间，曾报道当地官员贪污腐败的消息。
师涛在太原被中国国家安全局拘捕。后法院以“非法向境外提供国家机密”罪，判处10年有期徒刑。2005年10月18日，国际组织"保护记者委员会"将2005年度的“国际新闻自由奖”颁给在狱中的师涛。[2]
2006年3月，获2006年度“瓦西尔·斯图斯自由写作奖”（vasyl stus award），同年11月28日获世界报业协会颁发2007年世界报业协会自由金笔奖。[3]
[编辑] 被捕经过
2004年4月20日中共中央办公厅和国务院办公厅联合下发的11号文件《关于当前稳定工作的通知》，当时是由师涛所在的湖南《当代商报》的领导口头传达到所有中层编辑。文件提醒说，海外民运人士有可能在六四15周年纪念日期间回中国大陆，会对社会稳定带来影响。这份通知要求各媒体单位不得报道有关六四事件、法轮功和普通群众群体上访等内容。师涛通过他的个人雅虎电子邮件，把文件内容摘要写给海外的网站《民主通讯》发表。中国国家安全局向雅虎香港控股有限公司要求提供了该用户的个人信息，因此国安局得以确认发送电子邮件者的地址及身份，最后作为法庭证据指控师涛。[4]
2004年11月24日，山西省国家安全局联同湖南省国家安全局的人员，在山西省太原市带走师涛，并把他押送到湖南省长沙市。没有出示任何文件，没收了他的电脑和文件。他的辩护律师郭国汀表示，这是违反有关法律的。[5]但是郭国汀的律师执照被上海司法局吊销执业牌照一年，因而改由莫少平律师代为辩护。[6] 2005年3月11日，长沙市中级人民法院首次开庭审理师涛一案，控方出示了一份国家保密局的鉴定，说那份文件属于国家机密。被判为“非法向境外提供国家机密罪”。后以“非法向境外提供国家机密罪”，判刑10年，剥夺政治权利两年。[7]
2005年6月，湖南省高级法院二审维持原判。[8]
[编辑] 现况及评价
2005年，师涛被判刑之后，首先被关押在长沙市的监狱管理局收押中心。[来源请求]在那里接受入狱训练，两个月期间体重下降了十公斤。[来源请求]师涛原来有一些慢性病，由于天气酷热，在酷热天气下被强迫训练，导致身体状况急剧恶化。他在收押中心身体状况非常不好。[来源请求]9月5日，师涛被转移到湖南沅江的赤山监狱，一个位于洞庭湖中小岛的监狱，专门关押被判十年以上徒刑的犯人。[来源请求]师涛在赤山监狱的情况有所好转。师涛已向香港个人资料隐私专员公署投诉雅虎香港非法泄露其个人资料[来源请求]，并打算在香港和美国分别起诉雅虎香港和雅虎美国总公司，要求对方赔偿师涛10年的经济损失，及他所经受的精神伤害，包括其母亲由宁夏搬到长沙以便探监的费用等。
对于师涛被捕事件，海内外许多人认为拘捕、审讯过程中存在司法不公，而且量刑明显过重[来源请求]。中国的刑法中虽然有泄露国家机密的罪名，但是没有对“国家机密”作出界定。所以一些分析人士说，中国政府就可以随意用这个罪名打压政治异见人士。[来源请求]也有人认为，师涛被判重刑，并不是单纯因为此次"泄密"事件，而是因为师涛过去发表了不少同情六四事件的文章。[来源请求]
美国总统奥巴马于2009年5月1日纪念世界新闻自由日发表文告提名师涛与胡佳等新闻工作者还被关在中国的监狱中。[9]
[编辑] 作品
* 师涛作品目录 及详细内容。
* 1991年，组诗《落日》、《旭日》、《危险的吸引》、《点灯》、《打钟》、《笔记》、《少年》等；
* 1992年，组诗《与妻书》；
* 1993年，组诗《九三年的出路》、《夏之书》、《上海》、《金色的蜥蝎》等；
* 1994年，组诗《光景》、《费城》、《天堂的边疆》、《悬空的阳台》、《丢失的树》等；
* 1995年，组诗《艺术家节奏的串联》；
* 1996年，组诗《子的回忆》、《梦想者》、《飞行》；
* 1997年，组诗《表达》；
* 2002年
6月，自印诗集《私生活》；
11月，由山西人民出版社出版诗集《天堂的边疆》。
Shi Tao (simplified Chinese: 师涛; traditional Chinese: 師濤; pinyin: Shī Tāo; born 25 July 1968) is a mainland Chinese journalist, writer and poet, who in 2005 was sentenced to imprisonment for 10 years for releasing a document of the Communist Party to an overseas Chinese democracy site after Yahoo! China provided his personal details to the Chinese government.
Brief history
Shi Tao was born in Yanchi County (盐池县), Wuzhong, Ningxia province in 1968. He studied at East China Normal University in Shanghai. He graduated in July 1991, and was married in 1994.
Shi Tao worked in Fushun Institute of Technology during 1997-99 but moved to Canada with family for personal reasons.
On October 18, 2005, the Committee to Protect Journalists announced that Shi was one of four winners of the 2005 CPJ International Press Freedom Awards.[1] The Committee's website states he will be officially presented with the award when he is released from prison.[2]
In March 2006, he was given the Vasyl Stus Award. On November 28, 2006, he was given the Golden Pen of Freedom Award by the World Association of Newspapers.
[edit] Arrest and imprisonment
In 2004 at the age of 37, Shi Tao was working for the Contemporary Business News in the Hunan province of China.
On April 20, 2004, the Chinese government released the Number 11 document "A notice concerning the work for maintaining stability" (关于当前稳定工作的通知). In the document, it warned journalists that overseas pro-democracy Chinese dissidents may come back to mainland China during the 15th anniversary of the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 on June 4, which would affect the politico-social order's stability. It asked all news media to not report anything regarding the so-called "June 4th event", Falun Gong or people calling for politico-social change. Shi used his private Yahoo! email account and sent a brief of the document to an overseas web site called Asia Democracy Foundation.
When the Chinese government found out, it demanded the sender's personal information from Yahoo!'s Hong Kong office. Yahoo! turned the information over without asking what it was for. Shortly thereafter, Shi Tao was detained on November 24, 2004. The Chinese authorities confiscated his computer and documents without showing any proper permit or document, and warned his family members not to talk about it with others. He was formally arrested on December 14.
His lawyer, Guo Guoting (郭国汀), famous for taking human rights cases, stated that the search and seizure and subsequent arrest were illegal. As a result, his license to practice law was suspended for one year by Shanghai's Department of Law. He was later put under house arrest, and one of his co-workers had to take over the case.
On March 11, 2005, Hunan Changsha Intermediate People's Court held its first hearing secretly. It lasted for two hours. Shi Tao's mother and brothers came all the way from Ningxia to Changsha, but they were not permitted to go inside and observe. After the hearing was over, Shi was permitted ten minutes of private time with his family members. Fifteen days later, he was sentenced to prison for ten years, and will lose his political rights for two years on the charge of leaking state secrets.[3]
On June 2, 2005, the Hunan High People's Court rejected his lawyer's arguments and denied his appeal, keeping the original sentencing. Shi's mother, Gao Qinsheng, alleged "serious procedural defects" in her son's case, but his appeal was rejected without a hearing.
[edit] Reactions
The incident sparked a controversy about the business practices of Yahoo!, whose Hong Kong arm provided technical information connecting the message and email account with Shi Tao's computer. Yahoo! was criticized by Reporters Without Borders for acting as a "police informant". The United States Congress held a hearing about this and other similar incidents with representatives from Yahoo!, Google, and MSN, etc. In August 2007, Congress began an investigation into Yahoo!'s handling of the case,[4] with Yahoo! founder Jerry Yang testifing in a hearing before Congress. [5]
On August 28, 2007, the World Organization for Human Rights USA sued Yahoo! for allegedly providing information (email and IP address) to the Chinese government that caused the arrests of writers and dissidents. The suit was filed in San Francisco for journalists Shi Tao and Wang Xiaoning.[6]
On November 6, 2007, the U.S. congressional panel criticized Yahoo! for not giving full details to the House Foreign Affairs Committee the previous year, stating it had been "at best inexcusably negligent" and at worst "deceptive".[7] In a February 2006 hearing, Yahoo! swore that they had no information about the nature of the investigation. Some months later, it was found out that the document provided to Yahoo! China on April 22, 2004 by the Beijing State Security Bureau actually stated, “Your office is in possession of the following items relating to a case of suspected illegal provision of state secrets to foreign entities…”(emphasis added)[8].
On November 13, 2007, Yahoo settled with Shi for an undisclosed sum. Shi remains in prison.[1]
Shi is married and has a son born in Fushun, Liaoning.
According to the International Herald Tribune, while visiting China United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said on 27 February 2008 that she had raised the issue of a journalist and a writer jailed by China for expressing their views over the Internet during meetings with the Chinese foreign minister, Yang Jiechi. The Yahoo chief executive, Jerry Yang, asked Rice in a letter sent during the previous week to help secure the release of the journalist, Shi Tao, and the writer, Wang Xiaoning, who were imprisoned for sending pro-democracy information using e-mail messages or Yahoo groups.
[edit] Other cases
Main articles: Li Zhi (dissident), Jiang Lijun, and Wang Xiaoning
Other cases involving political prisoners in the People's Republic of China where information has been provided by Yahoo! are Li Zhi, Jiang Lijun, and Wang Xiaoning.
简历
师涛出生于宁夏盐池，1986年，考入上海华东师范大学经济系政治经济学专业，后转入政治教育系政治教育专业，期间曾任夏雨诗社的社长。1991年7月毕业，分配到西安庆安宇航设备公司子校，担任政治课教师。1992年，与王媛结婚。1994年，在陕西《消费者导报》工作。1995年，在《华商报》做记者、编辑。1999年，在《各界导报》、《劳动早报》工作。2000年，在《西安商报》工作。后到湖南《当代商报》任总编助理、编辑部主任。曾先后就职于陕西《华商报》、《西安商报》、《老新闻》、《法制日报》等多家媒体担任记者、编辑。他也是诗人，出版了多本诗集，近年来也为海外媒体如《民主论坛》电子刊物撰稿，是独立中文作家笔会的成员。在湖南长沙《当代商报》任编辑部主任期间，曾报道当地官员贪污腐败的消息。
师涛在太原被中国国家安全局拘捕。后法院以“非法向境外提供国家机密”罪，判处10年有期徒刑。2005年10月18日，国际组织"保护记者委员会"将2005年度的“国际新闻自由奖”颁给在狱中的师涛。[2]
2006年3月，获2006年度“瓦西尔·斯图斯自由写作奖”（vasyl stus award），同年11月28日获世界报业协会颁发2007年世界报业协会自由金笔奖。[3]
[编辑] 被捕经过
2004年4月20日中共中央办公厅和国务院办公厅联合下发的11号文件《关于当前稳定工作的通知》，当时是由师涛所在的湖南《当代商报》的领导口头传达到所有中层编辑。文件提醒说，海外民运人士有可能在六四15周年纪念日期间回中国大陆，会对社会稳定带来影响。这份通知要求各媒体单位不得报道有关六四事件、法轮功和普通群众群体上访等内容。师涛通过他的个人雅虎电子邮件，把文件内容摘要写给海外的网站《民主通讯》发表。中国国家安全局向雅虎香港控股有限公司要求提供了该用户的个人信息，因此国安局得以确认发送电子邮件者的地址及身份，最后作为法庭证据指控师涛。[4]
2004年11月24日，山西省国家安全局联同湖南省国家安全局的人员，在山西省太原市带走师涛，并把他押送到湖南省长沙市。没有出示任何文件，没收了他的电脑和文件。他的辩护律师郭国汀表示，这是违反有关法律的。[5]但是郭国汀的律师执照被上海司法局吊销执业牌照一年，因而改由莫少平律师代为辩护。[6] 2005年3月11日，长沙市中级人民法院首次开庭审理师涛一案，控方出示了一份国家保密局的鉴定，说那份文件属于国家机密。被判为“非法向境外提供国家机密罪”。后以“非法向境外提供国家机密罪”，判刑10年，剥夺政治权利两年。[7]
2005年6月，湖南省高级法院二审维持原判。[8]
[编辑] 现况及评价
2005年，师涛被判刑之后，首先被关押在长沙市的监狱管理局收押中心。[来源请求]在那里接受入狱训练，两个月期间体重下降了十公斤。[来源请求]师涛原来有一些慢性病，由于天气酷热，在酷热天气下被强迫训练，导致身体状况急剧恶化。他在收押中心身体状况非常不好。[来源请求]9月5日，师涛被转移到湖南沅江的赤山监狱，一个位于洞庭湖中小岛的监狱，专门关押被判十年以上徒刑的犯人。[来源请求]师涛在赤山监狱的情况有所好转。师涛已向香港个人资料隐私专员公署投诉雅虎香港非法泄露其个人资料[来源请求]，并打算在香港和美国分别起诉雅虎香港和雅虎美国总公司，要求对方赔偿师涛10年的经济损失，及他所经受的精神伤害，包括其母亲由宁夏搬到长沙以便探监的费用等。
对于师涛被捕事件，海内外许多人认为拘捕、审讯过程中存在司法不公，而且量刑明显过重[来源请求]。中国的刑法中虽然有泄露国家机密的罪名，但是没有对“国家机密”作出界定。所以一些分析人士说，中国政府就可以随意用这个罪名打压政治异见人士。[来源请求]也有人认为，师涛被判重刑，并不是单纯因为此次"泄密"事件，而是因为师涛过去发表了不少同情六四事件的文章。[来源请求]
美国总统奥巴马于2009年5月1日纪念世界新闻自由日发表文告提名师涛与胡佳等新闻工作者还被关在中国的监狱中。[9]
[编辑] 作品
* 师涛作品目录 及详细内容。
* 1991年，组诗《落日》、《旭日》、《危险的吸引》、《点灯》、《打钟》、《笔记》、《少年》等；
* 1992年，组诗《与妻书》；
* 1993年，组诗《九三年的出路》、《夏之书》、《上海》、《金色的蜥蝎》等；
* 1994年，组诗《光景》、《费城》、《天堂的边疆》、《悬空的阳台》、《丢失的树》等；
* 1995年，组诗《艺术家节奏的串联》；
* 1996年，组诗《子的回忆》、《梦想者》、《飞行》；
* 1997年，组诗《表达》；
* 2002年
6月，自印诗集《私生活》；
11月，由山西人民出版社出版诗集《天堂的边疆》。
Shi Tao (simplified Chinese: 师涛; traditional Chinese: 師濤; pinyin: Shī Tāo; born 25 July 1968) is a mainland Chinese journalist, writer and poet, who in 2005 was sentenced to imprisonment for 10 years for releasing a document of the Communist Party to an overseas Chinese democracy site after Yahoo! China provided his personal details to the Chinese government.
Brief history
Shi Tao was born in Yanchi County (盐池县), Wuzhong, Ningxia province in 1968. He studied at East China Normal University in Shanghai. He graduated in July 1991, and was married in 1994.
Shi Tao worked in Fushun Institute of Technology during 1997-99 but moved to Canada with family for personal reasons.
On October 18, 2005, the Committee to Protect Journalists announced that Shi was one of four winners of the 2005 CPJ International Press Freedom Awards.[1] The Committee's website states he will be officially presented with the award when he is released from prison.[2]
In March 2006, he was given the Vasyl Stus Award. On November 28, 2006, he was given the Golden Pen of Freedom Award by the World Association of Newspapers.
[edit] Arrest and imprisonment
In 2004 at the age of 37, Shi Tao was working for the Contemporary Business News in the Hunan province of China.
On April 20, 2004, the Chinese government released the Number 11 document "A notice concerning the work for maintaining stability" (关于当前稳定工作的通知). In the document, it warned journalists that overseas pro-democracy Chinese dissidents may come back to mainland China during the 15th anniversary of the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 on June 4, which would affect the politico-social order's stability. It asked all news media to not report anything regarding the so-called "June 4th event", Falun Gong or people calling for politico-social change. Shi used his private Yahoo! email account and sent a brief of the document to an overseas web site called Asia Democracy Foundation.
When the Chinese government found out, it demanded the sender's personal information from Yahoo!'s Hong Kong office. Yahoo! turned the information over without asking what it was for. Shortly thereafter, Shi Tao was detained on November 24, 2004. The Chinese authorities confiscated his computer and documents without showing any proper permit or document, and warned his family members not to talk about it with others. He was formally arrested on December 14.
His lawyer, Guo Guoting (郭国汀), famous for taking human rights cases, stated that the search and seizure and subsequent arrest were illegal. As a result, his license to practice law was suspended for one year by Shanghai's Department of Law. He was later put under house arrest, and one of his co-workers had to take over the case.
On March 11, 2005, Hunan Changsha Intermediate People's Court held its first hearing secretly. It lasted for two hours. Shi Tao's mother and brothers came all the way from Ningxia to Changsha, but they were not permitted to go inside and observe. After the hearing was over, Shi was permitted ten minutes of private time with his family members. Fifteen days later, he was sentenced to prison for ten years, and will lose his political rights for two years on the charge of leaking state secrets.[3]
On June 2, 2005, the Hunan High People's Court rejected his lawyer's arguments and denied his appeal, keeping the original sentencing. Shi's mother, Gao Qinsheng, alleged "serious procedural defects" in her son's case, but his appeal was rejected without a hearing.
[edit] Reactions
The incident sparked a controversy about the business practices of Yahoo!, whose Hong Kong arm provided technical information connecting the message and email account with Shi Tao's computer. Yahoo! was criticized by Reporters Without Borders for acting as a "police informant". The United States Congress held a hearing about this and other similar incidents with representatives from Yahoo!, Google, and MSN, etc. In August 2007, Congress began an investigation into Yahoo!'s handling of the case,[4] with Yahoo! founder Jerry Yang testifing in a hearing before Congress. [5]
On August 28, 2007, the World Organization for Human Rights USA sued Yahoo! for allegedly providing information (email and IP address) to the Chinese government that caused the arrests of writers and dissidents. The suit was filed in San Francisco for journalists Shi Tao and Wang Xiaoning.[6]
On November 6, 2007, the U.S. congressional panel criticized Yahoo! for not giving full details to the House Foreign Affairs Committee the previous year, stating it had been "at best inexcusably negligent" and at worst "deceptive".[7] In a February 2006 hearing, Yahoo! swore that they had no information about the nature of the investigation. Some months later, it was found out that the document provided to Yahoo! China on April 22, 2004 by the Beijing State Security Bureau actually stated, “Your office is in possession of the following items relating to a case of suspected illegal provision of state secrets to foreign entities…”(emphasis added)[8].
On November 13, 2007, Yahoo settled with Shi for an undisclosed sum. Shi remains in prison.[1]
Shi is married and has a son born in Fushun, Liaoning.
According to the International Herald Tribune, while visiting China United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said on 27 February 2008 that she had raised the issue of a journalist and a writer jailed by China for expressing their views over the Internet during meetings with the Chinese foreign minister, Yang Jiechi. The Yahoo chief executive, Jerry Yang, asked Rice in a letter sent during the previous week to help secure the release of the journalist, Shi Tao, and the writer, Wang Xiaoning, who were imprisoned for sending pro-democracy information using e-mail messages or Yahoo groups.
[edit] Other cases
Main articles: Li Zhi (dissident), Jiang Lijun, and Wang Xiaoning
Other cases involving political prisoners in the People's Republic of China where information has been provided by Yahoo! are Li Zhi, Jiang Lijun, and Wang Xiaoning.
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