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唯色(藏文:ཚེ་རིང་འོད་ཟེར་;威利:Tshe-ring 'Od-zer;藏语拼音:Cering Oiser,本人使用 Tsering Woeser的拉丁字母转写,1966年7月- ),全名茨仁唯色(意为“永恒的光辉”,歌颂“毛主席的光辉”),汉名程文萨(意为“文革拉萨”),中国藏族女诗人、作家。生于拉萨,籍贯四川甘孜德格。

[编辑] 经历



1966年出生于文化大革命中的拉萨,从小在四川藏区和汉区长大。她的祖父是江津汉人 ,祖母是藏人。父亲泽仁多吉年轻时随解放军入藏,母亲为藏族当地贵族的女儿。



1988年7月,唯色从成都西南民族学院汉语文系毕业,当过甘孜州报记者。1990年回到西藏,长期担任拉萨《西藏文学》杂志编辑。



2003年1月,唯色撰写的散文集《西藏笔记》由花城出版社出版。几个月后,该书被当局查禁。唯色而后没有接受编辑部的思想教育,不愿做检讨而离开拉萨,并拒绝接受杂志社编辑部其他工作委派,杂志社编辑部的上级主管单位西藏自治区文联将其作离职处理,并发表《西藏文联关于唯色新作〈西藏笔记〉的审读意见及其处理建议》对其进行批判。其后唯色即脱离国家事业单位体制,成为自由撰稿人。



2004年底,与中国作家王力雄结婚。



2006年,唯色将其父在文革期间拍摄的拉萨照片,与自己对这些照片的背景进行的采访结果,整理成《杀劫》一书,在台湾出版,同时出版的还有收录西藏文革口述历史的《西藏记忆》,而这两本互为表里的书提供了前所未见的研究中国统治下西藏文革期间情况的影像和第一手素材。作者本人就前一书名解释道:“‘杀劫’是藏语‘革命’的发音,而‘文化’藏语的发音与汉语的‘人类’发音相近。选择‘杀劫’两字表明20世纪50年代以来的革命给西藏带来的劫难;四十年前,又一场称为‘文化大革命’ 的革命席卷西藏。所以用汉语表达藏语中的‘文化大革命’一词,就成了对西藏民族而言的‘人类杀劫’”。

[编辑] 作品



* 诗集《西藏在上》,1999年,青海人民出版社

* 散文集《西藏笔记》(后改名为名为西藏的诗于台湾出版),2003年,广州花城出版社

* 《西藏:绛红色的地图》,2003年,台湾时英出版社

* 《绛红色的地图》,2004年2月,中国旅游出版社

* 《杀劫》,2006年1月,台湾大块文化出版

* 《名为西藏的诗》,2006年1月,台湾大块文化出版

* 访谈集《西藏记忆》,2006年1月,台湾大块文化出版

* 《念珠中的故事》,2007年4月1日,台湾大风出版

* 《看不见的西藏》,2008年1月,台湾大块文化出版



Woeser (also written Öser; full name: Tsering Woeser; Tibetan: ཚེ་རིང་འོད་ཟེར་; Wylie: tshe-ring 'od-zer; simplified Chinese: 唯色; pinyin: Wéisè, Han name Chéng Wénsá 程文萨) (born 1966) is a Chinese poet and essayist.



Biography



Woeser, a quarter-Han Chinese and three quarter-Tibetan, was born in Lhasa. Her grandfather was a Chinese Army officer in the Nationalist Army and her father was a high rank Army officer in the People's Liberation Army. when she was a small child, her family relocated to the Kham area of western Sichuan province. In 1988, she graduated from Southwest University for Nationalities in Chengdu with a degree in Chinese literature. She worked as a reporter in Kardzé and later in Lhasa and has lived in Beijing since 2003 as a result of political problems. Woeser is married to Wang Lixiong, a famous Chinese author who frequently writes about Tibet. According to Reporters sans frontières, "Woeser is one of the few Tibetan authors and poets to write in Chinese."[1]

[edit] Career



Woeser is the author of a book, Notes on Tibet (西藏笔记; Xīzàng Bǐjì). The Tibet Information Network quotes unnamed sources that the book was banned by the government around September 2003.[2] However, this book is actually available in China. [3]



According to UNPO, shortly after the alleged ban Woeser was also fired from her job and lost her status with her work unit.[4] Radio Free Asia reported that she continued to post a variety of poems and articles to her two blogs: Maroon Map (绛红色的地图, oser.tibetcul.net), which, according to the author, was visited primarily by Tibetans, and the Woeser blog (blog.daqi.com/weise), which was visited primarily by Han Chinese. According to RFA, on July 28, 2006, both blogs were closed by order of the government, apparently in response to postings in which she expressed birthday greetings to the Dalai Lama and touched on other sensitive topics. Woeser stated that she would continue writing and speaking.[5]



During the 2008 unrest in Tibet, Woeser and her husband were put under house arrest after speaking to reporters.[6] In July 2009 Woeser and her husband were one of more than 100 signatories to a petition asking Chinese authorities to released detained ethnic-Uyghur professor of economics Ilham Tohti.[7]

[edit] Awards



In 2007, Tsering Woeser was granted the Norwegian Authors Union awards Freedom of Expression Prize.[8]

[edit] Works



* 2008 "Mémoire interdite. Témoignages sur la Révolution culturelle au Tibet", éd. Bleu de Chine, trad. Li Zhang & Bernard Bourrit. (à paraître)

* Shājié 《杀劫》 (Taiwan, Dàkuài wénhuà 大块文化 2006), ISBN 9867291840.

* Xīzàng Bǐjì 《西藏笔记》 (Guangzhou, Huāchéng chūbǎnshè 花城出版社 2003), ISBN 7536038313. Also published in Taiwan as Míng wéi Xīzàng de shī 《名为西藏的诗》 (Taiwan, Dàkuài wénhuà 大块文化 2006), ISBN 9867291905.

* Bākuò Jiē de cāngsāng 八廓街的沧桑, in: Jīn Zhìguó 金志国 (ed.): Xīzàng dāngdài lǚxíngjì 西藏当代旅行记 (Lhasa, Xīzàng rénmín chūbǎnshè 西藏人民出版社 2004), ISBN 7-223-01587-X.

* Jiànghóngsè de Nímǎ Cìrén 绛红色的尼玛次仁, in: Mǎ Míngbó 马明博, Xiāo Yáo 肖瑶 (eds.): Wénhuà míngjiā huà fóyuán 文化名家话佛缘 (Beijing, Zhōngguó dàng'àn chūbǎnshè 中国档案出版社 2004), ISBN 7801664159.* Jiànghóngsè de dìtú 《绛红色的地图》 (Taiwan, Shíyīng chūbǎnshè 时英出版社 2003), ISBN 9867762045; (Beijing, Zhōngguó lǚyóu chūbǎnshè 中国旅游出版社 2004), ISBN 7503222476.

* Xīzàng zài shàng 《西藏在上》(Xining, Qīnghǎi rénmín chūbǎnshè 青海人民出版社 1999).


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