close
“王维林”（The Tank Man）据称是六四天安门事件中，广场清场后的第二天（6月5日），在长安街上只身阻挡从广场离开的坦克的那个年轻人的名字，“王维林”这个名字最早出现在英国报刊上（Wang Weilin）。但事实上其真实身份至今不详，他的下落也不清楚。根据民主人士魏京生无从证实的说法，他被坦克碾毙[1]，但也有报纸说他被关在监狱里，甚至有人说他还在躲藏。江泽民在接受美国知名记者芭芭拉·沃尔特斯访问时，被问及王维林的下落，江泽民表示他不知情，但是表示这个人当时并没有被坦克碾压，显示中国军队保持应有的克制，至于之后王是否被秘密逮捕并处死，江泽民表示没有（never）。[2]
王维林这一不确定的名字在中文以外几乎没有人知晓，但是他的事迹却几乎是举世闻名。欧美在讨论六四问题时，几乎必然会提到此事，并普遍认为他是伟大的英雄。美国《时代周刊》评选的“20世纪最具影响力的100个人物”中，这位“不知名的反对者”（The Unknown Rebel）赫然在目，并有评价：“他的一个举动为这个世界重塑了勇气的象征”。
简介
根据美国公共广播协会最新公布的一段录像，这一场景发生在天安门广场以东的东长安街上，而拍摄地点应该是在北京饭店的阳台上。当时王维林主动跑向一堆正在前进的坦克，并挥手示意坦克后退。坦克停止了前进，并试图绕开他，但他仍然左右移动坚持挡在坦克之前。最后坦克停下，这个年轻人爬上坦克，掀开仓门，然后坦克里面的军人也爬出来，两人交谈了一会儿，那个军人朝后面的坦克挥挥手，意思是别往前走了，结果王维林就爬下去。然后坦克往后面退了几步，又突然加速试图绕过他前进，王维林再次跑上去挡在了坦克跟前。继续相持一段时间后，一个骑自行车的男子也骑到了坦克跟前并与王维林交谈了几句，这时突然从画面右下方（路北）跑来两个身穿蓝色工装上衣并高举双手的男子，护送（而不是挟持）王维林快速跑步离开了街道。录像到此为止。拍摄录像的美国记者认为跑过来穿工装的人可能是便衣警察，如果是这样王之后应该遭遇不幸，但PBS影片中的其他研究者认为从动作来看，这几个把王架走的人应该不是秘密警察，因为他们动作并不粗暴。
中国中央电视台在新闻中发布了相关录像，这段录像也显示王维林安然从坦克前走开，但最后情况仍不得知。在当时中国中央电视台的报道中，王维林被称为“螳臂挡车的歹徒”。根据PBS纪录片的说法，这段录像之后被认为不适合在中国播放，就再也没有在中国的电视媒体上出现。
与中国政府封禁相关报道相反，通过全球媒体的不断报道，王维林在海外被当成反抗压迫争取民主权利的无畏的英雄。《时代周刊》把王维林列为世纪伟人之一。在几乎每个谈起六四的纪录片中，他总是被当作一个标志性人物。每次关于六四事件的展览，他阻挡坦克的照片都会被展出。公共电视网拍摄的纪录片《天安门》中则评论：“这是人类良知与勇气在向无情的国家机器挑战”。
[编辑] 影像来源
* 照片来源有三个：
o Jeff Widener（The Associated Press / 美联社），拍摄地点为北京饭店6楼阳台，距离事发地点大约半英里，使用400mm镜头拍摄。通过将胶卷藏于马桶水箱，躲过了检查。
o Stuart Franklin of Magnum photos
o 美国东部时间2009年6月4日，The New York Times/纽约时报登出一张Terril Jones拍摄的关于王维林的照片。拍摄时间是北京时间1989年6月5日，此前这张照片从未在任何媒体发表过。这张照片从一个全新的视角显示王维林远在坦克靠近自己之前，就已经站在长安街中央进行抗议。Terril Jones对纽约时报说，他拍摄这张照片时，目的是为了拍摄向前行驶的坦克。在1989年美联社发布了王维林的照片几周之后，他才辨认出，自己这张照片也捕捉到了王维林的身影。他说：“我错过了1989年发布这张照片的时机，今天是时候把它公布于众了。”[3]
* 录像的来源为CNN以及BBC的摄制组
Tank Man, or the Unknown Rebel, is the nickname of an anonymous man who achieved widespread international recognition as a heroic figure when he was videotaped and photographed during the protests at Beijing's Tiananmen Square on June 5, 1989. Several photographs were taken of the man, who stood in front of a column of Chinese Type 59 tanks.
Photographic versions
Four photographers managed to capture the event on film and get their pictures published in its aftermath.[1] On June 4, 2009, another photographer released an image of the scene taken from ground level, just feet away.[2]
One of the most widely reproduced photographs of the event was taken by Jeff Widener of the Associated Press, from a lower vantage point in the Beijing Hotel, about half a mile (800 meters) away from the scene. Widener was injured and suffering from flu at the time. Though he was concerned that his shots were not good, his image was quickly reproduced all over the world.[1]
Another version was taken by Stuart Franklin of Magnum Photos from the fifth floor of the Beijing Hotel. His has a wider field of view than Widener's, showing more tanks further away. He was on the same balcony as Charlie Cole, and smuggled his film of Tank Man in a tea box with a French student.[1]
Charlie Cole, working for Newsweek and on the same balcony with Stuart Franklin, hid his roll of film containing Tank Man in a Beijing Hotel toilet, sacrificing an unused roll of film and undeveloped images of wounded protesters after PSB raided his room and forced him to sign a confession. Cole was able to retrieve the roll and have it sent to Newsweek.[1] He won a World Press Award for a similar photo.[3] It was featured in Life's "100 Photographs That Changed the World" in 2003.
Arthur Tsang Hin Wah of Reuters took several shots, but the one shot of Tank Man climbing the tank was chosen from his batch of photos.[1]
"Tank Man", far off in the background to the left of the loader, prepares to face down the row of oncoming tanks. Photo by Terril Jones (Associated Press).
On June 4, 2009, in connection with the 20th anniversary of the protests, A.P. reporter Terril Jones revealed a photo he took showing the Tank Man from ground level, a different angle than all of the other known photos of the Tank Man. Jones has written that he was not aware of what he had captured until a month later when printing his photos.[2]
Variations of the scene were also recorded by BBC film crews and transmitted across the World. One witness recounts seeing Chinese tanks early on June 4 crushing vehicles and people, just one day before this man took his stand in front of this tank column.[4]
[edit] Impact
The still and motion photography of the man standing alone before a line of tanks reached international audiences practically overnight. It headlined hundreds of major newspapers and news magazines and was the lead story on countless news broadcasts around the world.[1] In April 1998, Time included the "Unknown Rebel" in a feature titled Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century.
[edit] Behind the image
The incident took place near Tiananmen on Chang'an Avenue, which runs east-west along the south end of the Forbidden City, Beijing, on June 5, 1989, one day after the Chinese government's violent crackdown on the Tiananmen protests. The man placed himself alone in the middle of the street as the tanks approached, directly in the path of the armored vehicles. He held two bags, one in each hand. As the tanks came to a stop, the man gestured towards the tanks with his bags. In response, the lead tank attempted to drive around the man, but the man repeatedly stepped into the path of the tank in a show of nonviolent action.[5] After repeatedly attempting to go around rather than crush the man, the lead tank stopped its engines, and the armored vehicles behind it seemed to follow suit. There was a pause for a short period of time with the man and the tanks having reached a quiet, still impasse.
Having now successfully brought the column to a halt, the man climbed up onto the hull of the buttoned-up lead tank and, after briefly stopping at the driver's hatch, appeared in video footage of the incident to start calling into various ports in the tank's turret. He then climbed atop the turret and seemed to have a short conversation with a crew member at the gunner's hatch. After ending the conversation, the man alighted from the tank. The tank commander briefly emerged from his hatch, and the tanks restarted their engines, ready to continue on. At that point, the man, who was still standing within a meter or two from the side of the lead tank, leapt in front of the vehicle once again and quickly reestablished the man-tank standoff. Video footage shows that two figures in blue attire then pulled the man away and absorbed him into the crowd; the tanks continued on their way.[5] Eyewitness reporter Charlie Cole believes that the man was taken away by secret police and was just one of the many executed in the aftermath of the military crackdown, since the Chinese government was never able to produce him after the photo became public.[1][4]
[edit] Identity and fate
Little is publicly known of the man's identity or that of the commander of the lead tank. Shortly after the incident, the British tabloid the Sunday Express named him as Wang Weilin (王维林), a 19-year-old student[6] who was later charged with "political hooliganism" and "attempting to subvert members of the People's Liberation Army."[7] Numerous theories have sprung up as to the man's identity and current whereabouts.[8]
There are several conflicting stories about what happened to him after the demonstration. In a speech to the President's Club in 1999, Bruce Herschensohn—former deputy special assistant to President Richard Nixon—reported that he was executed 14 days later; other sources say he was executed by firing squad a few months after the Tiananmen Square protests.[5] In Red China Blues: My Long March from Mao to Now, Jan Wong writes that the man is still alive and is hiding in mainland China.
The government of the People's Republic of China has made few statements about the incident or the people involved. In a 1990 interview with Barbara Walters, then-CCP General Secretary Jiang Zemin was asked what became of the man. Jiang first stated (through an interpreter), "I can't confirm whether this young man you mentioned was arrested or not," and then replied in English, "I think never killed" [sic].[9] A June 2006 article in the Hong Kong Apple Daily stated that there are rumours that the man is now living in Taiwan.[8]
王维林这一不确定的名字在中文以外几乎没有人知晓，但是他的事迹却几乎是举世闻名。欧美在讨论六四问题时，几乎必然会提到此事，并普遍认为他是伟大的英雄。美国《时代周刊》评选的“20世纪最具影响力的100个人物”中，这位“不知名的反对者”（The Unknown Rebel）赫然在目，并有评价：“他的一个举动为这个世界重塑了勇气的象征”。
简介
根据美国公共广播协会最新公布的一段录像，这一场景发生在天安门广场以东的东长安街上，而拍摄地点应该是在北京饭店的阳台上。当时王维林主动跑向一堆正在前进的坦克，并挥手示意坦克后退。坦克停止了前进，并试图绕开他，但他仍然左右移动坚持挡在坦克之前。最后坦克停下，这个年轻人爬上坦克，掀开仓门，然后坦克里面的军人也爬出来，两人交谈了一会儿，那个军人朝后面的坦克挥挥手，意思是别往前走了，结果王维林就爬下去。然后坦克往后面退了几步，又突然加速试图绕过他前进，王维林再次跑上去挡在了坦克跟前。继续相持一段时间后，一个骑自行车的男子也骑到了坦克跟前并与王维林交谈了几句，这时突然从画面右下方（路北）跑来两个身穿蓝色工装上衣并高举双手的男子，护送（而不是挟持）王维林快速跑步离开了街道。录像到此为止。拍摄录像的美国记者认为跑过来穿工装的人可能是便衣警察，如果是这样王之后应该遭遇不幸，但PBS影片中的其他研究者认为从动作来看，这几个把王架走的人应该不是秘密警察，因为他们动作并不粗暴。
中国中央电视台在新闻中发布了相关录像，这段录像也显示王维林安然从坦克前走开，但最后情况仍不得知。在当时中国中央电视台的报道中，王维林被称为“螳臂挡车的歹徒”。根据PBS纪录片的说法，这段录像之后被认为不适合在中国播放，就再也没有在中国的电视媒体上出现。
与中国政府封禁相关报道相反，通过全球媒体的不断报道，王维林在海外被当成反抗压迫争取民主权利的无畏的英雄。《时代周刊》把王维林列为世纪伟人之一。在几乎每个谈起六四的纪录片中，他总是被当作一个标志性人物。每次关于六四事件的展览，他阻挡坦克的照片都会被展出。公共电视网拍摄的纪录片《天安门》中则评论：“这是人类良知与勇气在向无情的国家机器挑战”。
[编辑] 影像来源
* 照片来源有三个：
o Jeff Widener（The Associated Press / 美联社），拍摄地点为北京饭店6楼阳台，距离事发地点大约半英里，使用400mm镜头拍摄。通过将胶卷藏于马桶水箱，躲过了检查。
o Stuart Franklin of Magnum photos
o 美国东部时间2009年6月4日，The New York Times/纽约时报登出一张Terril Jones拍摄的关于王维林的照片。拍摄时间是北京时间1989年6月5日，此前这张照片从未在任何媒体发表过。这张照片从一个全新的视角显示王维林远在坦克靠近自己之前，就已经站在长安街中央进行抗议。Terril Jones对纽约时报说，他拍摄这张照片时，目的是为了拍摄向前行驶的坦克。在1989年美联社发布了王维林的照片几周之后，他才辨认出，自己这张照片也捕捉到了王维林的身影。他说：“我错过了1989年发布这张照片的时机，今天是时候把它公布于众了。”[3]
* 录像的来源为CNN以及BBC的摄制组
Tank Man, or the Unknown Rebel, is the nickname of an anonymous man who achieved widespread international recognition as a heroic figure when he was videotaped and photographed during the protests at Beijing's Tiananmen Square on June 5, 1989. Several photographs were taken of the man, who stood in front of a column of Chinese Type 59 tanks.
Photographic versions
Four photographers managed to capture the event on film and get their pictures published in its aftermath.[1] On June 4, 2009, another photographer released an image of the scene taken from ground level, just feet away.[2]
One of the most widely reproduced photographs of the event was taken by Jeff Widener of the Associated Press, from a lower vantage point in the Beijing Hotel, about half a mile (800 meters) away from the scene. Widener was injured and suffering from flu at the time. Though he was concerned that his shots were not good, his image was quickly reproduced all over the world.[1]
Another version was taken by Stuart Franklin of Magnum Photos from the fifth floor of the Beijing Hotel. His has a wider field of view than Widener's, showing more tanks further away. He was on the same balcony as Charlie Cole, and smuggled his film of Tank Man in a tea box with a French student.[1]
Charlie Cole, working for Newsweek and on the same balcony with Stuart Franklin, hid his roll of film containing Tank Man in a Beijing Hotel toilet, sacrificing an unused roll of film and undeveloped images of wounded protesters after PSB raided his room and forced him to sign a confession. Cole was able to retrieve the roll and have it sent to Newsweek.[1] He won a World Press Award for a similar photo.[3] It was featured in Life's "100 Photographs That Changed the World" in 2003.
Arthur Tsang Hin Wah of Reuters took several shots, but the one shot of Tank Man climbing the tank was chosen from his batch of photos.[1]
"Tank Man", far off in the background to the left of the loader, prepares to face down the row of oncoming tanks. Photo by Terril Jones (Associated Press).
On June 4, 2009, in connection with the 20th anniversary of the protests, A.P. reporter Terril Jones revealed a photo he took showing the Tank Man from ground level, a different angle than all of the other known photos of the Tank Man. Jones has written that he was not aware of what he had captured until a month later when printing his photos.[2]
Variations of the scene were also recorded by BBC film crews and transmitted across the World. One witness recounts seeing Chinese tanks early on June 4 crushing vehicles and people, just one day before this man took his stand in front of this tank column.[4]
[edit] Impact
The still and motion photography of the man standing alone before a line of tanks reached international audiences practically overnight. It headlined hundreds of major newspapers and news magazines and was the lead story on countless news broadcasts around the world.[1] In April 1998, Time included the "Unknown Rebel" in a feature titled Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century.
[edit] Behind the image
The incident took place near Tiananmen on Chang'an Avenue, which runs east-west along the south end of the Forbidden City, Beijing, on June 5, 1989, one day after the Chinese government's violent crackdown on the Tiananmen protests. The man placed himself alone in the middle of the street as the tanks approached, directly in the path of the armored vehicles. He held two bags, one in each hand. As the tanks came to a stop, the man gestured towards the tanks with his bags. In response, the lead tank attempted to drive around the man, but the man repeatedly stepped into the path of the tank in a show of nonviolent action.[5] After repeatedly attempting to go around rather than crush the man, the lead tank stopped its engines, and the armored vehicles behind it seemed to follow suit. There was a pause for a short period of time with the man and the tanks having reached a quiet, still impasse.
Having now successfully brought the column to a halt, the man climbed up onto the hull of the buttoned-up lead tank and, after briefly stopping at the driver's hatch, appeared in video footage of the incident to start calling into various ports in the tank's turret. He then climbed atop the turret and seemed to have a short conversation with a crew member at the gunner's hatch. After ending the conversation, the man alighted from the tank. The tank commander briefly emerged from his hatch, and the tanks restarted their engines, ready to continue on. At that point, the man, who was still standing within a meter or two from the side of the lead tank, leapt in front of the vehicle once again and quickly reestablished the man-tank standoff. Video footage shows that two figures in blue attire then pulled the man away and absorbed him into the crowd; the tanks continued on their way.[5] Eyewitness reporter Charlie Cole believes that the man was taken away by secret police and was just one of the many executed in the aftermath of the military crackdown, since the Chinese government was never able to produce him after the photo became public.[1][4]
[edit] Identity and fate
Little is publicly known of the man's identity or that of the commander of the lead tank. Shortly after the incident, the British tabloid the Sunday Express named him as Wang Weilin (王维林), a 19-year-old student[6] who was later charged with "political hooliganism" and "attempting to subvert members of the People's Liberation Army."[7] Numerous theories have sprung up as to the man's identity and current whereabouts.[8]
There are several conflicting stories about what happened to him after the demonstration. In a speech to the President's Club in 1999, Bruce Herschensohn—former deputy special assistant to President Richard Nixon—reported that he was executed 14 days later; other sources say he was executed by firing squad a few months after the Tiananmen Square protests.[5] In Red China Blues: My Long March from Mao to Now, Jan Wong writes that the man is still alive and is hiding in mainland China.
The government of the People's Republic of China has made few statements about the incident or the people involved. In a 1990 interview with Barbara Walters, then-CCP General Secretary Jiang Zemin was asked what became of the man. Jiang first stated (through an interpreter), "I can't confirm whether this young man you mentioned was arrested or not," and then replied in English, "I think never killed" [sic].[9] A June 2006 article in the Hong Kong Apple Daily stated that there are rumours that the man is now living in Taiwan.[8]
全站熱搜
留言列表
