王若水（1926年10月25日－2002年1月9日），著名的理论家，曾担任《人民日报》副总编辑长达七年，一九八三年因为发表有关人道主义和异化问题的文章而在“清除精神污染”中受到批判，被解除职务。1987年，因为支持学潮，对中国共产党提出大量反对意见，在“反对资产阶级自由化运动”中被中纪委勒令退出出中国共产党。1988年，离休。1989年和1993 年，先后两次应哈佛大学费正清中心的邀请，赴美做访问学者。1994年又曾在美国加州大学柏克莱分校作访问学者。1998年下半年赴瑞典，任隆德大学东亚及东南亚研究中心访问教授。2002年在美国波士顿去世。
Wang Ruoshui (simplified Chinese: 王若水; traditional Chinese: 王若水; pinyin: Wáng Ruòshuǐ; Wade-Giles: Wang Shuoshui, 1926–2002), was a Chinese journalist and philosopher, major exponent of Marxist humanism in China and of Chinese liberalism.
Wang studied philosophy in the late 1940s, converting to Marxism and joining the Communist Party prior to the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. Joining the staff of People's Daily, he became editor of its theory section.
In the 1950s, Wang was a devotee of Maoism and took part in ideological campaigns targeting the previously popular ideas of Hu Shi, Liang Shuming and Hu Feng (1902-1985, a follower of the writer and critic Lu Xun). He wrote an article entitled "Philosophy of the Table" which defended Mao's version of dialectical materialism, winning praise from Mao himself.
Prior to the Cultural Revolution, at the height of the Sino-Soviet split Wang was recruited by Maoist literary henchman Zhou Yang to a group he was organizing to research and criticize the Marxist humanism which was then influential in the Eastern bloc, exemplified by (among others) Gyorgy Lukacs in Hungary.
Soon after the downfall of the Maoists in the later 1970s, Wang revealed that these much reviled "revisionist" doctrines had had a great impact on him, and had provided a lens through which he could understand and condemn the Cultural Revolution and the cult of Mao himself.
Wang was expelled from the Communist party in 1987 as a part of a campaign against "bourgeois liberalization". He continued to write trenchant criticisms of the regime, and conduct polemics against Mao's former secretary Hu Qiaomu (1912-1993), a doctrinaire Marxist who had been behind his expulsion from the Party.
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