王炳章（1948年－），基督徒，美国永久居民，出生于中国辽宁省沈阳市。幼年移居北京，在北京完成小学与中学教育。1979年，他留学加拿大麦吉尔大学医学院攻读博士学位。 1982年，他获加拿大麦吉尔大学医学院医学哲学博士学位。为中共建国后公费留学生在北美获得博士学位的第一人。
1982年，王炳章创办海外民运刊物《中国之春》。1983年，他创建海外第一个民运组织“中国民主团结联盟”，担任第一、二届主席。1989年，他参与创建中国自由民主党，担任第二届主席。1998年1月，他潜入中国大陆推动筹组反对党活动，二周后被中共逮捕并驱逐出境。
1998年2月，他参与创建中国民主正义党，出任发言人和中国民主运动干部学校理事会顾问。1998年6月，他出任中国民主党海外筹备委员会和工作委员会顾问委员。2000年2月，他出任中国民主党海外总部顾问。
尽管王炳章博士是中国海外民主运动的先驱，并连续担任过多个海外民运团体的最高领导人，但王炳章首先是一名基督徒，按照基督徒的信仰与处世原则，从王炳章博士多次冒着自由和生命的危险闯关回国从事政治活动。
2002年6月，在中国和越南的边境附近被捕。2003年2月，广东省深圳市的一家法庭以为台湾从事间谍活动和组织领导恐怖组织的罪名判处王炳章无期徒刑。
同月，龙纬汶、柳玉成、伍国雄等人成立“各地营救王炳章大联盟”，争取王炳章尽快获释。
Wang Bingzhang (simplified Chinese: 王炳章; traditional Chinese: 王炳章; born December 30, 1947) is a political activist and founder of two Chinese pro-democracy movements. He is considered a political prisoner of China.
Wang Bingzhang was born on December 30, 1947, in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. He graduated from Beijing Medical University and served as a doctor for eight years. In 1979, he was sponsored by the Chinese government to study abroad in McGill University, Canada where he obtained his Ph.D. degree in pathology in 1982.[1]
In 1982, Wang established China Spring, the first pro-democracy Chinese magazine overseas. In the next year, he launched the "Union of Chinese Democracy Movement" publicly denouncing the one party rule in China. He later traveled back to China and co-founded two opposition parties, the Chinese Freedom Democracy Party and Chinese Democracy Justice Party in 1989 and 1998, respectively. The latter led to his arrest after he was caught in China. He was expelled from the country, but was not sentenced.[1] In early 2002, Wang was in Thailand where Royal Thai Police investigated him at the bequest of the Communist Party of China. Finding no evidence against him and fearing for his safety, Dr. Wang was urged to leave the country. In June 2002, Wang went to Vietnam with Yue Wu and Zhang Qi where they were abducted by Chinese secret agents. In December 2002, the Chinese government announced his arrest after six months in secret custody.[2]
In February 2003, Wang was sentenced to life in prison, on charges of espionage and terrorism. His trial was closed to the public and lasted for one day. He is imprisoned in Shaoguan Prison in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, China.[2]
In March 2006, Wang was punished for misbehavior when he locked a guard in his cell with him. Communication with Wang, including visitation rights for family, was cut off, and family was informed that the punishment would last for 3 months. Shortly after, in April 2006, his father died, to which he responded with a hunger strike. This resulted prolonged punishment. Visitation rights were restored in November 2006. According to Dr. Bing Wu Wang, Wang's younger brother, his physical health deteriorated rapidly since the last visitation. This was due, according to Wang, to a new prison warden with lower food quality requirements, harsher physical abuse and intense political study sessions.[3]
Various international organizations, including the United Nations, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Worldrights, etc, have voiced their opposition to Dr. Wang's imprisonment, saying China is arbitrarily detaining him.[4] The United States and Canadian legislatures have both passed legislative bills in support of Wang and in denunciation of the CCP's actions.[5][6]
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